Digestive system

The human digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract plus the digestion accessory organs (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). AAA

Digestion requires breaking down food into smaller and smaller pieces until it is possible to digest and assimilate them into the body. There are three phases in the digestion process: the cephalic phase, the gastric phase, and the integer phase. AA

Why is digestion important?AA

Digestion is vital because to function properly and remains healthy, your body requires nutrients from food and drink. Nutrients include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, NIH external bond vitamins, NIH external bond minerals, and water. Your digestive system breaks down nutrients into pieces that are small enough to be absorbed and used by your body for energy, development, and cell repair.AA

Breaking proteins into amino acids.AA

Fats divide into glycerol and fatty acids. AA

The mouth

The mouth is the entry point for food, but before the first piece of food even reaches our mouth, the digestive system always gets ready. Saliva is released into our oral cavity by the salivary glands when we smell food.AA

Chewing (mastication) splits food into smaller fragments once the food reaches the mouth, which can be attacked more quickly by the enzymes in saliva.AA

A cutting can be carried out by our teeth as.AA

The pharynx and esophagus

The transition region from the mouth to the esophagus is the pharynx (throat). There are two routes that can be taken by the food bolus from the pharynx;AA

A) the wrong route that is down the windpipe into the lungs.AA

B) the right path into the esophagus .AA

A dynamic mechanism that closes the windpipe (to protect our lungs) and transfers food into the esophagus is the act of swallowing.AA

Food is shifted down the esophagus and into our stomach until it reaches the esophagus.AA

The esophagus is a muscular tube that contracts to pass food down into the stomach in a coordinated manner (peristalsis). While the muscles behind the food product contract, the muscles before the food relax, activating the food's forward propulsion. Peristalsis is the primary mechanism by which food travels.AA

The stomach and small intestine

Acid and enzymes are secreted from glands that line the stomach, which continues the food's breakdown process.AA

The muscles of the stomach combine the food more. The food you put in your mouth at the end of this step has been turned into a thick, creamy fluid called chyme.AA

There are three segments of the small intestine.AA

The first section is the duodenum, where the food breaks down more.AA

The next two segments of the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) are primarily responsible for collecting nutrients through the walls of the intestine from the cooked food into the bloodstream.AA

The rectum and anus

The rectum is a chamber that starts immediately after the sigmoid colon at the end of the large intestine and terminates at the anus. Typically, since stool is stored higher in the descending colon, the rectum is empty.AA

The descending colon gradually becomes full and the stool passes into the rectum, forcing.AA

At the other end of the digestive tract, the anus is the cavity from which stool exits the body. The anus is partly created from the body's surface layers, including the skin, and partly from the intestine. AA

A continuation of the exterior skin is lined up with the anus. Until the person has a bowel movement, a muscular ring (anal sphincter) holds the anus closed.AA

Written by /heba el_sayed goda